Playback modification based on proximity

ABSTRACT

Techniques described herein may involve modification of playback based on the proximity of a user to a playback device. An example technique involves a device determining that a listener is within a given proximity of a first playback device and based on determining that the listener is within the given proximity of the first playback device, causing the first playback device to begin playback of first media and causing a second playback device to modify playback of second media.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 120 to, and is acontinuation of, U.S. non-provisional application Ser. No. 15/147,322titled “Playback Modification Based On Proximity,” filed on May 5, 2016,and currently pending. The Ser. No. 15/147,322 application is acontinuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/475,191 titled “ZoneRecognition,” filed on Sep. 2, 2014, and currently pending. The entirecontents of the Ser. Nos. 15/147,322 and 14/475,191 applications areincorporated herein by reference for all purposes.

FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE

The disclosure is related to consumer goods and, more particularly, tomethods, systems, products, features, services, and other elementsdirected to media playback or some aspect thereof.

The disclosure incorporates the following non-patent publications byreference in their entirety: the BLUETOOTH® Core Specification 4.1 andCore Specification Supplement (CSS) v4; the IEEE standard 802.11™-2012Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer(PHY) Specification; and the GSMA™ TS.26 v6.0 NFC Handset Requirements.

BACKGROUND

Options for accessing and listening to digital audio in an out-loudsetting were limited until in 2003, when SONOS, Inc. filed for one ofits first patent applications, entitled “Method for Synchronizing AudioPlayback between Multiple Networked Devices,” and began offering a mediaplayback system for sale in 2005. The Sonos Wireless HiFi System enablespeople to experience music from many sources via one or more networkedplayback devices. Through a software control application installed on asmartphone, tablet, or computer, one can play what he or she wants inany room that has a networked playback device. Additionally, using thecontroller, for example, different songs can be streamed to each roomwith a playback device, rooms can be grouped together for synchronousplayback, or the same song can be heard in all rooms synchronously.

Given the ever growing interest in digital media, there continues to bea need to develop consumer-accessible technologies to further enhancethe listening experience.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Features, aspects, and advantages of the presently disclosed technologymay be better understood with regard to the following description,appended claims, and accompanying drawings where:

FIG. 1 shows an example media playback system configuration in whichcertain embodiments may be practiced;

FIG. 2 shows a functional block diagram of an example playback device;

FIG. 3 shows a functional block diagram of an example control device;

FIG. 4 shows an example controller interface;

FIG. 5 shows an example flow diagram for responsively configuring adevice based on a particular zone of a media playback system that adevice is within.

FIG. 6 shows another example media playback system configuration inwhich certain embodiments may be practiced;

FIGS. 7A, 7B, and 7C show example graphical interfaces that may bedisplayed by the device.

FIG. 8 shows another example media playback system configuration inwhich certain embodiments may be practiced;

FIG. 9 shows an example flow diagram for responsively configuring amedia playback system based on a particular zone of a media playbacksystem that a device is within; and

FIG. 10 shows another example media playback system configuration inwhich certain embodiments may be practiced.

The drawings are for the purpose of illustrating example embodiments,but it is understood that the inventions are not limited to thearrangements and instrumentality shown in the drawings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION I. Overview

Embodiments described herein may involve, inter alia, determining that adevice of a media playback system is within a particular zone of themedia playback system and responsively configuring some aspect of themedia playback system based on the particular zone that the device iswithin. An example media playback system may include one or more zones,each zone having one or more playback devices. In some exampleimplementations, playback devices of respective zones may be physicallylocated in respective locations, such as in the different rooms of ahouse. For example, a media playback system may include a living roomzone, a dining room zone, a kitchen zone, an office zone, and/or abedroom zone, in which playback devices of the different zones arelocated in the living room, dining room, kitchen, office, and/orbedroom, respectively.

In one arrangement, a device communicatively coupled to the mediaplayback system may have a graphical interface (e.g., a touchscreendisplay of a tablet, smartphone, or wearable device). Such a graphicalinterface may display contextual information about a particular zone,such as the name of the zone and/or media content presenting playing onthe playback device(s) of the zone. The graphical interface may alsodisplay playback controls (e.g., transport controls such as play, pause,or skip track) for controlling media content playback in the zone. Thegraphical display may display other information as well.

In an example media playback system that includes multiple zones, thegraphical interface may transition among the multiple zones, perhapsdisplaying respective information about each zone at different times.Typically, at any point in time, one of the multiple zones might be morerelevant to a user of the media playback system than another zone (i.e.,the zone currently in physical proximity to the user). One approach toswitching among the multiple zones may involve detecting input thatselects a particular one of the multiple zones. For instance, a user maymove from a first area in which a first zone is located (e.g., a kitchenzone) into a second area in which a second zone is located (e.g., aliving room zone) and then select the second zone on the device. Thedevice may detect such input and responsively display contextualinformation about the second zone on the graphical interface.

The device and the one or more playback devices of the media playbacksystem may include one or more respective radio interfaces, by which thedevice may communicate to the playback devices. Such radio interfacesmay include one or more of an 802.11 interface (WI-FI®), a BLUETOOTH®interface, or a Near-Field Communications interface, among otherexamples. The devices may include other types of radio interfaces andprotocols as well, including those now known or later developed.

In some implementations, communication between the device and the one ormore playback devices of the media playback system may be used todetermine that the device is within a given proximity to a particularzone of the media playback system. For instance, some radio interfacesare configured to transmit with relatively low power, and accordinglyoperate with a relatively short range compared to some othercommunication interfaces and protocols. Transmitting between the deviceand a playback device via such a relatively short-range interface mayindicate that the device and playback device are within a givenproximity. While the transmission range of a given radio interface mayvary based on environmental conditions and other factors, successfultransmissions may be used to approximate the relative positioning of thedevice and the playback device, such that the device may be consideredto be within a zone that includes the playback device.

Based on a determination that the device is within a given proximity toa particular zone (or perhaps to a playback device of the zone), thedevice may cause a graphical interface display one or morecharacteristics of the particular zone. For instance, the graphicalinterface may display an identifier of the zone (e.g., “Living RoomZone”, or perhaps any other identifier assigned to the zone). Thegraphical interface may display an indication of media content playingin the zone (e.g., one or more of a title, an artist, or an album of asong currently playing on the one or more playback devices of the zone).In some cases, based on the determination that the device is within agiven proximity to a particular zone of the media playback system, thegraphical interface may transition from displaying characteristics of afirst zone to displaying characteristics of the particular zone.

Alternatively, based on the determination that the device is within agiven proximity to a particular zone of the media playback system, mediaplayback in the particular zone may be modified. For instance, thedevice may initiate playback in the particular zone. Alternatively, thedevice may modify playback in the particular zone (e.g., switch themedia playback system to a new playlist, song, or media source).Further, in some implementations, media playback in another zone may bemodified. For example, media playback in a zone in which the device waspreviously within a given proximity of, but is no longer within thegiven proximity of, may be stopped. Other examples are possible as well.

As indicated above, the present application may involve determining thata device of a media playback system is within a particular zone of themedia playback system and responsively configuring the media playbacksystem based on the particular zone that the device is within. In oneaspect, a method is provided. The method may involve receiving, via theradio interface, a radio transmission indicating a particular playbackdevice of a media playback system. Based on the received radiotransmission, the method may also involve determining that the device iswithin a given proximity to a zone of the media playback system. Basedon determining that the device is within the given proximity to the zoneof the media playback system, the method may further involve causing thegraphical interface to display an indication of (i) an identifier of thezone and (ii) a characteristic of the zone.

In another aspect, a device is provided. The device may include agraphical interface, a radio interface, at least one processor; a datastorage; and a program logic stored in the data storage and executableby the at least one processor to perform operations. The operations mayinclude receiving, via the radio interface, a radio transmissionindicating a particular playback device of a media playback system.Based on the received radio transmission, the operations may alsoinclude determining that the device is within a given proximity to azone of the media playback system. Based on determining that the deviceis within the given proximity to the zone of the media playback system,the operations may further include causing the graphical interface todisplay an indication of (i) an identifier of the zone and (ii) acharacteristic of the zone.

In yet another aspect, a non-transitory computer readable memory isprovided. The non-transitory computer readable memory has stored thereoninstructions executable by a device to cause the device to performfunctions. The function may include receiving, via the radio interface,a radio transmission indicating a particular playback device of a mediaplayback system. Based on the received radio transmission, the functionsmay also include determining that the device is within a given proximityto a zone of the media playback system. Based on determining that thedevice is within the given proximity to the zone of the media playbacksystem, the functions may further include causing the graphicalinterface to display an indication of (i) an identifier of the zone and(ii) a characteristic of the zone.

In another aspect, another method is provided. The method may involvereceiving, via the radio interface, a radio transmission indicating aparticular playback device of a media playback system. Based on thereceived radio transmission, the method may also involve determiningthat the device is within a given proximity to a zone of the mediaplayback system. Based on determining that the device is within thegiven proximity to the zone of the media playback system, the method mayfurther involve causing the particular playback device to modify mediaplayback.

In a further aspect, another device is provided. The device may includea graphical interface, a radio interface, at least one processor; a datastorage; and a program logic stored in the data storage and executableby the at least one processor to perform operations. The operations mayinclude receiving, via the radio interface, a radio transmissionindicating a particular playback device of a media playback system.Based on the received radio transmission, the operations may alsoinclude determining that the device is within a given proximity to azone of the media playback system. Based on determining that the deviceis within the given proximity to the zone of the media playback system,the operations may further include causing the particular playbackdevice to modify media playback.

In yet another aspect, another non-transitory computer readable memoryis provided. The non-transitory computer readable memory has storedthereon instructions executable by a device to cause the device toperform functions. The function may include receiving, via the radiointerface, a radio transmission indicating a particular playback deviceof a media playback system. Based on the received radio transmission,the functions may also include determining that the device is within agiven proximity to a zone of the media playback system. Based ondetermining that the device is within the given proximity to the zone ofthe media playback system, the functions may further include causingparticular playback device to modify media playback.

It will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that thisdisclosure includes numerous other embodiments. While some examplesdescribed herein may refer to functions performed by given actors suchas “users” and/or other entities, it should be understood that thisdescription is for purposes of explanation only. The claims should notbe interpreted to require action by any such example actor unlessexplicitly required by the language of the claims themselves.

II. Example Operating Environment

FIG. 1 illustrates an example configuration of a media playback system100 in which one or more embodiments disclosed herein may be practicedor implemented. The media playback system 100 as shown is associatedwith an example home environment having several rooms and spaces, suchas for example, a master bedroom, an office, a dining room, and a livingroom. As shown in the example of FIG. 1, the media playback system 100includes playback devices 102-124, control devices 126 and 128, and awired or wireless network router 130.

Further discussions relating to the different components of the examplemedia playback system 100 and how the different components may interactto provide a user with a media experience may be found in the followingsections. While discussions herein may generally refer to the examplemedia playback system 100, technologies described herein are not limitedto applications within, among other things, the home environment asshown in FIG. 1. For instance, the technologies described herein may beuseful in environments where multi-zone audio may be desired, such as,for example, a commercial setting like a restaurant, mall or airport, avehicle like a sports utility vehicle (SUV), bus or car, a ship or boat,an airplane, and so on.

a. Example Playback Devices

FIG. 2 shows a functional block diagram of an example playback device200 that may be configured to be one or more of the playback devices102-124 of the media playback system 100 of FIG. 1. The playback device200 may include a processor 202, software components 204, memory 206,audio processing components 208, audio amplifier(s) 210, speaker(s) 212,and a network interface 214 including wireless interface(s) 216 andwired interface(s) 218. In one case, the playback device 200 may notinclude the speaker(s) 212, but rather a speaker interface forconnecting the playback device 200 to external speakers. In anothercase, the playback device 200 may include neither the speaker(s) 212 northe audio amplifier(s) 210, but rather an audio interface for connectingthe playback device 200 to an external audio amplifier or audio-visualreceiver.

In one example, the processor 202 may be a clock-driven computingcomponent configured to process input data according to instructionsstored in the memory 206. The memory 206 may be a tangiblecomputer-readable medium configured to store instructions executable bythe processor 202. For instance, the memory 206 may be data storage thatcan be loaded with one or more of the software components 204 executableby the processor 202 to achieve certain functions. In one example, thefunctions may involve the playback device 200 retrieving audio data froman audio source or another playback device. In another example, thefunctions may involve the playback device 200 sending audio data toanother device or playback device on a network. In yet another example,the functions may involve pairing of the playback device 200 with one ormore playback devices to create a multi-channel audio environment.

Certain functions may involve the playback device 200 synchronizingplayback of audio content with one or more other playback devices.During synchronous playback, a listener will preferably not be able toperceive time-delay differences between playback of the audio content bythe playback device 200 and the one or more other playback devices. U.S.Pat. No. 8,234,395 entitled, “System and method for synchronizingoperations among a plurality of independently clocked digital dataprocessing devices,” which is hereby incorporated by reference, providesin more detail some examples for audio playback synchronization amongplayback devices.

The memory 206 may further be configured to store data associated withthe playback device 200, such as one or more zones and/or zone groupsthe playback device 200 is a part of, audio sources accessible by theplayback device 200, or a playback queue that the playback device 200(or some other playback device) may be associated with. The data may bestored as one or more state variables that are periodically updated andused to describe the state of the playback device 200. The memory 206may also include the data associated with the state of the other devicesof the media system, and shared from time to time among the devices sothat one or more of the devices have the most recent data associatedwith the system. Other embodiments are also possible.

The audio processing components 208 may include one or moredigital-to-analog converters (DAC), an audio preprocessing component, anaudio enhancement component or a digital signal processor (DSP), and soon. In one embodiment, one or more of the audio processing components208 may be a subcomponent of the processor 202. In one example, audiocontent may be processed and/or intentionally altered by the audioprocessing components 208 to produce audio signals. The produced audiosignals may then be provided to the audio amplifier(s) 210 foramplification and playback through speaker(s) 212. Particularly, theaudio amplifier(s) 210 may include devices configured to amplify audiosignals to a level for driving one or more of the speakers 212. Thespeaker(s) 212 may include an individual transducer (e.g., a “driver”)or a complete speaker system involving an enclosure with one or moredrivers. A particular driver of the speaker(s) 212 may include, forexample, a subwoofer (e.g., for low frequencies), a mid-range driver(e.g., for middle frequencies), and/or a tweeter (e.g., for highfrequencies). In some cases, each transducer in the one or more speakers212 may be driven by an individual corresponding audio amplifier of theaudio amplifier(s) 210. In addition to producing analog signals forplayback by the playback device 200, the audio processing components 208may be configured to process audio content to be sent to one or moreother playback devices for playback.

Audio content to be processed and/or played back by the playback device200 may be received from an external source, such as via an audioline-in input connection (e.g., an auto-detecting 3.5 mm audio line-inconnection) or the network interface 214.

The network interface 214 may be configured to facilitate a data flowbetween the playback device 200 and one or more other devices on a datanetwork. As such, the playback device 200 may be configured to receiveaudio content over the data network from one or more other playbackdevices in communication with the playback device 200, network deviceswithin a local area network, or audio content sources over a wide areanetwork such as the Internet. In one example, the audio content andother signals transmitted and received by the playback device 200 may betransmitted in the form of digital packet data containing an InternetProtocol (IP)-based source address and IP-based destination addresses.In such a case, the network interface 214 may be configured to parse thedigital packet data such that the data destined for the playback device200 is properly received and processed by the playback device 200.

As shown, the network interface 214 may include wireless interface(s)216. The wireless interface(s) 216 may include one or more radiointerfaces which provide network interface functions for the playbackdevice 200 to wirelessly communicate with other devices (e.g., otherplayback device(s), speaker(s), receiver(s), network device(s), controldevice(s) within a data network the playback device 200 is associatedwith) in accordance with a communication protocol (e.g., any wirelessstandard including IEEE 802.3, wireless standards including IEEE802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.15, 4G mobilecommunication standard, BLUETOOTH®, Near-Field Communications (NFC) andso on). In some cases, wireless interface 216 may operate as a wirelessaccess point by allowing wireless devices (e.g., other playback devices)to connect to a network).

Also as shown, the network interface 214 may include wired interface(s)218. The wired interface(s) 218 may provide network interface functionsfor the playback device 200 to communicate over a wired connection withother devices in accordance with a communication protocol (e.g., IEEE802.3). While the network interface 214 shown in FIG. 2 includes bothwireless interface(s) 216 and wired interface(s) 218, the networkinterface 214 may in some embodiments include only wireless interface(s)or only wired interface(s).

In one example, the playback device 200 and one other playback devicemay be paired to play two separate audio components of audio content.For instance, playback device 200 may be configured to play a leftchannel audio component, while the other playback device may beconfigured to play a right channel audio component, thereby producing orenhancing a stereo effect of the audio content. The paired playbackdevices (also referred to as “bonded playback devices”) may further playaudio content in synchrony with other playback devices.

In another example, the playback device 200 may be sonicallyconsolidated with one or more other playback devices to form a single,consolidated playback device. A consolidated playback device may beconfigured to process and reproduce sound differently than anunconsolidated playback device or playback devices that are paired,because a consolidated playback device may have additional speakerdrivers through which audio content may be rendered. For instance, ifthe playback device 200 is a playback device designed to render lowfrequency range audio content (i.e. a subwoofer), the playback device200 may be consolidated with a playback device designed to render fullfrequency range audio content. In such a case, the full frequency rangeplayback device, when consolidated with the low frequency playbackdevice 200, may be configured to render only the mid and high frequencycomponents of audio content, while the low frequency range playbackdevice 200 renders the low frequency component of the audio content. Theconsolidated playback device may further be paired with a singleplayback device or yet another consolidated playback device.

By way of illustration, SONOS, Inc. presently offers (or has offered)for sale certain playback devices including a “PLAY:1,” “PLAY:3,”“PLAY:5,” “PLAYBAR,” “CONNECT:AMP,” “CONNECT,” and “SUB.” Any otherpast, present, and/or future playback devices may additionally oralternatively be used to implement the playback devices of exampleembodiments disclosed herein. Additionally, it is understood that aplayback device is not limited to the example illustrated in FIG. 2 orto the SONOS product offerings. For example, a playback device mayinclude a wired or wireless headphone. In another example, a playbackdevice may include or interact with a docking station for personalmobile media playback devices. In yet another example, a playback devicemay be integral to another device or component such as a television, alighting fixture, or some other device for indoor or outdoor use.

b. Example Playback Zone Configurations

Referring back to the media playback system 100 of FIG. 1, theenvironment may have one or more playback zones, each with one or moreplayback devices. The media playback system 100 may be established withone or more playback zones, after which one or more zones may be added,or removed to arrive at the example configuration shown in FIG. 1. Eachzone may be given a name according to a different room or space such asan office, bathroom, master bedroom, bedroom, kitchen, dining room,living room, and/or balcony. In one case, a single playback zone mayinclude multiple rooms or spaces. In another case, a single room orspace may include multiple playback zones.

As shown in FIG. 1, the balcony, dining room, kitchen, bathroom, office,and bedroom zones each have one playback device, while the living roomand master bedroom zones each have multiple playback devices. In theliving room zone, playback devices 104, 106, 108, and 110 may beconfigured to play audio content in synchrony as individual playbackdevices, as one or more bonded playback devices, as one or moreconsolidated playback devices, or any combination thereof. Similarly, inthe case of the master bedroom, playback devices 122 and 124 may beconfigured to play audio content in synchrony as individual playbackdevices, as a bonded playback device, or as a consolidated playbackdevice.

In one example, one or more playback zones in the environment of FIG. 1may each be playing different audio content. For instance, the user maybe grilling in the balcony zone and listening to hip hop music beingplayed by the playback device 102 while another user may be preparingfood in the kitchen zone and listening to classical music being playedby the playback device 114. In another example, a playback zone may playthe same audio content in synchrony with another playback zone. Forinstance, the user may be in the office zone where the playback device118 is playing the same rock music that is being playing by playbackdevice 102 in the balcony zone. In such a case, playback devices 102 and118 may be playing the rock music in synchrony such that the user mayseamlessly (or at least substantially seamlessly) enjoy the audiocontent that is being played out-loud while moving between differentplayback zones. Synchronization among playback zones may be achieved ina manner similar to that of synchronization among playback devices, asdescribed in previously referenced U.S. Pat. No. 8,234,395.

As suggested above, the zone configurations of the media playback system100 may be dynamically modified, and in some embodiments, the mediaplayback system 100 supports numerous configurations. For instance, if auser physically moves one or more playback devices to or from a zone,the media playback system 100 may be reconfigured to accommodate thechange(s). For instance, if the user physically moves the playbackdevice 102 from the balcony zone to the office zone, the office zone maynow include both the playback device 118 and the playback device 102.The playback device 102 may be paired or grouped with the office zoneand/or renamed if so desired via a control device such as the controldevices 126 and 128. On the other hand, if the one or more playbackdevices are moved to a particular area in the home environment that isnot already a playback zone, a new playback zone may be created for theparticular area.

Further, different playback zones of the media playback system 100 maybe dynamically combined into zone groups or split up into individualplayback zones. For instance, the dining room zone and the kitchen zone114 may be combined into a zone group for a dinner party such thatplayback devices 112 and 114 may render audio content in synchrony. Onthe other hand, the living room zone may be split into a television zoneincluding playback device 104, and a listening zone including playbackdevices 106, 108, and 110, if the user wishes to listen to music in theliving room space while another user wishes to watch television.

c. Example Control Devices

FIG. 3 shows a functional block diagram of an example control device 300that may be configured to be one or both of the control devices 126 and128 of the media playback system 100. As shown, the control device 300may include a processor 302, memory 304, a radio interface 306, and auser interface 308. In one example, the control device 300 may be adedicated controller for the media playback system 100. In anotherexample, the control device 300 may be a network device on which mediaplayback system controller application software may be installed, suchas for example, an iPhone™, iPad™ or any other smart phone, tablet ornetwork device (e.g., a networked computer such as a PC or Mac™).

The processor 302 may be configured to perform functions relevant tofacilitating user access, control, and configuration of the mediaplayback system 100. The memory 304 may be configured to storeinstructions executable by the processor 302 to perform those functions.The memory 304 may also be configured to store the media playback systemcontroller application software and other data associated with the mediaplayback system 100 and the user.

In one example, the radio interface 306 may include one or morecommunications interfaces. The communications interfaces may be based onrespective industry standards (e.g., infrared, radio, wired standardsincluding IEEE 802.3, wireless standards including IEEE 802.11a,802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.15, 4G mobile communicationstandard, BLUETOOTH®, Near-Field Communications (NFC) and so on). Theradio interface 306 may provide a means for the control device 300 tocommunicate with other devices in the media playback system 100. In oneexample, data and information (e.g., such as a state variable) may becommunicated between control device 300 and other devices via thenetwork interface 306. For instance, playback zone and zone groupconfigurations in the media playback system 100 may be received by thecontrol device 300 from a playback device or another network device, ortransmitted by the control device 300 to another playback device ornetwork device via the network interface 306. In some cases, the othernetwork device may be another control device.

Playback device control commands such as volume control and audioplayback control may also be communicated from the control device 300 toa playback device via the network interface 306. As suggested above,changes to configurations of the media playback system 100 may also beperformed by a user using the control device 300. The configurationchanges may include adding/removing one or more playback devices to/froma zone, adding/removing one or more zones to/from a zone group, forminga bonded or consolidated player, separating one or more playback devicesfrom a bonded or consolidated player, among others. Accordingly, thecontrol device 300 may sometimes be referred to as a controller, whetherthe control device 300 is a dedicated controller or a network device onwhich media playback system controller application software isinstalled.

The user interface 308 of the control device 300 may be configured tofacilitate user access and control of the media playback system 100, byproviding a controller interface such as the controller interface 400shown in FIG. 4. The controller interface 400 includes a playbackcontrol region 410, a playback zone region 420, a playback status region430, a playback queue region 440, and an audio content sources region450. The user interface 400 as shown is just one example of a userinterface that may be provided on a network device such as the controldevice 300 of FIG. 3 (and/or the control devices 126 and 128 of FIG. 1)and accessed by users to control a media playback system such as themedia playback system 100. Other user interfaces of varying formats,styles, and interactive sequences may alternatively be implemented onone or more network devices to provide comparable control access to amedia playback system.

The playback control region 410 may include selectable (e.g., by way oftouch or by using a cursor) icons to cause playback devices in aselected playback zone or zone group to play or pause, fast forward,rewind, skip to next, skip to previous, enter/exit shuffle mode,enter/exit repeat mode, enter/exit cross fade mode. The playback controlregion 410 may also include selectable icons to modify equalizationsettings, and playback volume, among other possibilities.

The playback zone region 420 may include representations of playbackzones within the media playback system 100. In some embodiments, thegraphical representations of playback zones may be selectable to bringup additional selectable icons to manage or configure the playback zonesin the media playback system, such as a creation of bonded zones,creation of zone groups, separation of zone groups, and renaming of zonegroups, among other possibilities.

For example, as shown, a “group” icon may be provided within each of thegraphical representations of playback zones. The “group” icon providedwithin a graphical representation of a particular zone may be selectableto bring up options to select one or more other zones in the mediaplayback system to be grouped with the particular zone. Once grouped,playback devices in the zones that have been grouped with the particularzone will be configured to play audio content in synchrony with theplayback device(s) in the particular zone. Analogously, a “group” iconmay be provided within a graphical representation of a zone group. Inthis case, the “group” icon may be selectable to bring up options todeselect one or more zones in the zone group to be removed from the zonegroup. Other interactions and implementations for grouping andungrouping zones via a user interface such as the user interface 400 arealso possible. The representations of playback zones in the playbackzone region 420 may be dynamically updated as playback zone or zonegroup configurations are modified.

The playback status region 430 may include graphical representations ofaudio content that is presently being played, previously played, orscheduled to play next in the selected playback zone or zone group. Theselected playback zone or zone group may be visually distinguished onthe user interface, such as within the playback zone region 420 and/orthe playback status region 430. The graphical representations mayinclude track title, artist name, album name, album year, track length,and other relevant information that may be useful for the user to knowwhen controlling the media playback system via the user interface 400.

The playback queue region 440 may include graphical representations ofaudio content in a playback queue associated with the selected playbackzone or zone group. In some embodiments, each playback zone or zonegroup may be associated with a playback queue containing informationcorresponding to zero or more audio items for playback by the playbackzone or zone group. For instance, each audio item in the playback queuemay comprise a uniform resource identifier (URI), a uniform resourcelocator (URL) or some other identifier that may be used by a playbackdevice in the playback zone or zone group to find and/or retrieve theaudio item from a local audio content source or a networked audiocontent source, possibly for playback by the playback device.

In one example, a playlist may be added to a playback queue, in whichcase information corresponding to each audio item in the playlist may beadded to the playback queue. In another example, audio items in aplayback queue may be saved as a playlist. In a further example, aplayback queue may be empty, or populated but “not in use” when theplayback zone or zone group is playing continuously streaming audiocontent, such as Internet radio that may continue to play untilotherwise stopped, rather than discrete audio items that have playbackdurations. In an alternative embodiment, a playback queue can includeInternet radio and/or other streaming audio content items and be “inuse” when the playback zone or zone group is playing those items. Otherexamples are also possible.

When playback zones or zone groups are “grouped” or “ungrouped,”playback queues associated with the affected playback zones or zonegroups may be cleared or re-associated. For example, if a first playbackzone including a first playback queue is grouped with a second playbackzone including a second playback queue, the established zone group mayhave an associated playback queue that is initially empty, that containsaudio items from the first playback queue (such as if the secondplayback zone was added to the first playback zone), that contains audioitems from the second playback queue (such as if the first playback zonewas added to the second playback zone), or a combination of audio itemsfrom both the first and second playback queues. Subsequently, if theestablished zone group is ungrouped, the resulting first playback zonemay be re-associated with the previous first playback queue, or beassociated with a new playback queue that is empty or contains audioitems from the playback queue associated with the established zone groupbefore the established zone group was ungrouped. Similarly, theresulting second playback zone may be re-associated with the previoussecond playback queue, or be associated with a new playback queue thatis empty, or contains audio items from the playback queue associatedwith the established zone group before the established zone group wasungrouped. Other examples are also possible.

Referring back to the user interface 400 of FIG. 4, the graphicalrepresentations of audio content in the playback queue region 440 mayinclude track titles, artist names, track lengths, and other relevantinformation associated with the audio content in the playback queue. Inone example, graphical representations of audio content may beselectable to bring up additional selectable icons to manage and/ormanipulate the playback queue and/or audio content represented in theplayback queue. For instance, a represented audio content may be removedfrom the playback queue, moved to a different position within theplayback queue, or selected to be played immediately, or after anycurrently playing audio content, among other possibilities. A playbackqueue associated with a playback zone or zone group may be stored in amemory on one or more playback devices in the playback zone or zonegroup, on a playback device that is not in the playback zone or zonegroup, and/or some other designated device.

The audio content sources region 450 may include graphicalrepresentations of selectable audio content sources from which audiocontent may be retrieved and played by the selected playback zone orzone group. Discussions pertaining to audio content sources may be foundin the following section.

d. Example Audio Content Sources

As indicated previously, one or more playback devices in a zone or zonegroup may be configured to retrieve for playback audio content (e.g.according to a corresponding URI or URL for the audio content) from avariety of available audio content sources. In one example, audiocontent may be retrieved by a playback device directly from acorresponding audio content source (e.g., a line-in connection). Inanother example, audio content may be provided to a playback device overa network via one or more other playback devices or network devices.

Example audio content sources may include a memory of one or moreplayback devices in a media playback system such as the media playbacksystem 100 of FIG. 1, local music libraries on one or more networkdevices (such as a control device, a network-enabled personal computer,or a networked-attached storage (NAS), for example), streaming audioservices providing audio content via the Internet (e.g., the cloud), oraudio sources connected to the media playback system via a line-in inputconnection on a playback device or network devise, among otherpossibilities.

In some embodiments, audio content sources may be regularly added orremoved from a media playback system such as the media playback system100 of FIG. 1. In one example, an indexing of audio items may beperformed whenever one or more audio content sources are added, removedor updated. Indexing of audio items may involve scanning foridentifiable audio items in all folders/directory shared over a networkaccessible by playback devices in the media playback system, andgenerating or updating an audio content database containing metadata(e.g., title, artist, album, track length, among others) and otherassociated information, such as a URI or URL for each identifiable audioitem found. Other examples for managing and maintaining audio contentsources may also be possible.

The above discussions relating to playback devices, controller devices,playback zone configurations, and media content sources provide onlysome examples of operating environments within which functions andmethods described below may be implemented. Other operating environmentsand configurations of media playback systems, playback devices, andnetwork devices not explicitly described herein may also be applicableand suitable for implementation of the functions and methods.

e. Example Cloud Computing Functions

Various references are made herein to “cloud computing” and “cloud”computing system. The term “cloud computing” is used to refer toservices delivered using distributed computing over a network, such asthe Internet. A non-exhaustive list of services delivered via the cloudinclude electronic mail (e.g., GMAIL® or HOTMAIL®), social networking(e.g., FACEBOOK®, LINKEDIN®, or TWITTER®), file hosting (e.g.,DROPBOX®), and streaming audio (e.g., SPOTIFY®, PANDORA®, orBEATSAUDIO®). Other cloud services are certainly offered as well.

Cloud service providers may offer one or more interfaces for accessingtheir service over a network. For instance, some cloud services may beaccessed by visiting a web site using a web browser. Other cloudservices are accessed by executing a particular application specific tothe cloud service on a computing device. Some cloud services may offeran application programming interface (API) to facilitate access to theservice by a third-party web site or application. In many cases, a userwho has access to a given cloud service can access the service from anycomputing device that is connected to the network, provided that thecomputing device has a supported interface to the cloud service.

In one instance, accessing a cloud service may involve accessing, with afirst computing device (i.e., a client), a “cloud” computing system(i.e., a server). Example client devices may include playback device 200of FIG. 2, or control device 300 of FIG. 3, among other possibledevices. One or more programs or applications (i.e., instructions) mayexecute on the server to perform computing tasks supported by the cloudservice. The client may send various commands to the server to instructthe server to perform the computing tasks supported by the cloudservice. The “cloud” computing system may include at least oneprocessor, memory, and a network interface. The memory may containinstructions executable by the processor to perform computing taskssupported by a cloud service.

In aggregate, the provision of a cloud service many involve multipleinstances of the “cloud” computing device. Each instance of the “cloud”computing system may provide the cloud service to one or more users.Cloud service providers may scale the number of instances of the “cloud”computing system involved in providing the cloud service based on userdemand.

III. Example Methods to Determine Location to within a Zone of a MediaPlayback System

As discussed above, embodiments described herein may involve recognizingthat a device of a media playback system is within a particular zone ofthe media playback system and responsively configuring some aspect ofthe media playback system based on the particular zone that the deviceis within.

Methods 500 and 900 shown in FIGS. 5 and 9 present embodiments ofmethods that can be implemented within an operating environmentinvolving, for example, the media playback system 100 of FIG. 1, one ormore of the playback device 200 of FIG. 2, and one or more of thecontrol device 300 of FIG. 3. Methods 500 and 900 may include one ormore operations, functions, or actions as illustrated by one or more ofblocks 502-506 and blocks 902-906. Although the blocks are illustratedin sequential order, these blocks may also be performed in parallel,and/or in a different order than those described herein. Also, thevarious blocks may be combined into fewer blocks, divided intoadditional blocks, and/or removed based upon the desired implementation.

In addition, for the methods 500, 900, and other processes and methodsdisclosed herein, the flowchart shows functionality and operation of onepossible implementation of present embodiments. In this regard, eachblock may represent a module, a segment, or a portion of program code,which includes one or more instructions executable by a processor forimplementing specific logical functions or steps in the process. Theprogram code may be stored on any type of computer readable medium, forexample, such as a storage device including a disk or hard drive. Thecomputer readable medium may include non-transitory computer readablemedium, for example, such as computer-readable media that stores datafor short periods of time like register memory, processor cache andRandom Access Memory (RAM). The computer readable medium may alsoinclude non-transitory media, such as secondary or persistent long termstorage, like read only memory (ROM), optical or magnetic disks,compact-disc read only memory (CD-ROM), for example. The computerreadable media may also be any other volatile or non-volatile storagesystems. The computer readable medium may be considered a computerreadable storage medium, for example, or a tangible storage device. Inaddition, for the methods 500, 900, and other processes and methodsdisclosed herein, each block in FIGS. 5 and 9 may represent circuitrythat is wired to perform the specific logical functions in the process.

a. Example Method to Display an Indication of a Zone in Proximity to aDevice.

At block 502, the method may involve receiving a radio transmissionindicating a particular playback device of a media playback system. Forinstance, a device, such as an instance of control device 300 of FIG. 3,may receive a radio transmission via a radio interface, such as radiointerface 306, which may operate according to a protocol such as WI-FI®,BLUETOOTH®, or NFC, among other examples. In some cases, a playbackdevice (e.g., the particular playback device) may transmit the radiotransmission to the control device. Alternatively, the playback devicemay send the radio transmission to an intermediate device (e.g., awearable device such as a smartwatch), which may relay the radiotransmission to the control device. In other instances, thetransmissions might not be directed to any particular device. Forexample, the transmissions may be broadcasted, perhaps on a public orknown channel.

The radio transmission may indicate the particular playback device ofthe media playback system in a variety of ways. In some examples, theradio transmission may indicate the particular playback device using anidentifier that at least distinguishes the particular playback devicefrom other playback devices of the media playback system. For instance,the identifier may be a media access control (MAC) address assigned to anetwork interface of the particular playback device. Alternatively, theidentifier may be name of the device, perhaps assigned by a controldevice (e.g., control device 300 of FIG. 3). In other examples, theradio transmission may indicate the particular playback device byreference to a zone that includes the particular playback device (e.g.,by reference to a name or other identifier of the zone). Or theidentifier may identify a bonded pair that that includes the playbackdevice. Many examples are possible.

In some cases, the device may receive the radio transmission over aradio interface that operates according to a wireless protocol having aknown (e.g., rated) transmission strength (power). The transmissionrange of the wireless protocol may be related to the transmissionstrength, as the receive strength of the radio transmission may beinversely related to the distance between the transmitting and receivingdevices. In some implementations, a protocol operating according torelatively limited transmission strength may be chosen such that thetransmission range of the radio interface may be limited to within agiven proximity. For instance, certain variants of BLUETOOTH® have arange of less than 10 meters. As another example, some types of NFCinterfaces have similar transmission ranges. Further, walls and otherobstructions may cause attenuation that may limit the effective indoorrange of such protocols to line-of-sight communication within a room.

In some cases, the radio transmission may be part of the protocol bywhich the radio interface operates. For instance, the BLUETOOTH®protocol includes a pairing procedure that involves using radiotransmissions to establish a relationship between two BLUETOOTH®-enableddevices. During pairing, the devices may share information such as thename of the device and/or the address of the device. Alternatively, theradio transmission may be part of a handshaking operation. For instance,NFC includes various handshaking procedures to exchange informationbetween NFC-enabled devices. As another example, the radio transmissionmay be part of a “discovery” procedure, in which radio transmissions arebroadcasted to “discover” other devices within wireless range of thebroadcasting device.

FIG. 6 shows the example media playback system 100 of FIG. 1. In someinstances, control devices of media playback system 100 may movethroughout the rooms shown in FIG. 1, perhaps carried by a user. Forexample, FIG. 6 may illustrate example media playback system 100 of FIG.1 after the control device 126 has moved from the “Living Room” to the“Master Bedroom.” As noted above, control device 126 may be, forexample, a smartphone, a tablet, a laptop, or a wearable device. Suchdevices may be carried with users as they move about the household. Inthe Master Bedroom, control device 126 may receive a radio transmissionfrom playback device 122 (and/or playback device 124) indicating theplayback device of media playback system 100, which may ultimatelyfacilitate determining that control device 126 is within the “MasterBedroom” zone that includes playback devices 124 and 126.

As noted above, the physical location of the receiving device maychange, perhaps as carried by a user (e.g., from the “Living Room” tothe “Master Bedroom”). In some cases, the transmitting device (e.g., theparticular playback device) may repeatedly transmit a radiotransmission, such that the receiving device may receive one or moreinstances of the radio transmission after being re-located to withinproximity of the transmitting device. The transmitting device may sendthe radio transmission periodically or perhaps in response to an event(e.g., in response to a prior transmission from the control device),among other alternatives.

At block 504, the method may involve determining that the device iswithin a given proximity to a zone of the media playback system (thatincludes the particular playback device). For instance, referring backto FIG. 6, control device 126 may determine that control device 126 iswithin a given proximity to the “Master Bedroom” zone of media playbacksystem 100 based on a received radio transmission from playback device122 or playback device 124.

Alternatively, control device 126 may send an indication of the receivedradio transmission to a second device, such as a playback device or a“cloud” computing system. The second device may determine that thedevice is within a given proximity to a zone of the media playbacksystem, and send to the device a message indicating that the device iswithin the given proximity to the zone of the media playback system.

Determining that the device is within a given proximity to a zone of themedia playback system may involve determining that the device is withina given proximity to the particular playback device. In someimplementations, receiving the radio transmission may in and of itselfindicate to the device that the device is within a given proximity to azone of the media playback system. For instance, the act of receiving aradio transmission over a BLUETOOTH® or NFC protocol (e.g., a messagethat is part of a pairing or handshaking procedure) may approximate thedistance between the particular playback device and the receiving deviceto within a given proximity.

Alternatively, some implementations may involve detecting the receivestrength of the received radio transmission. In such cases, determiningthat the device is within a given proximity to a zone of the mediaplayback system may involve determining that a receive strength of areceived radio transmission is greater than a pre-determined thresholdstrength. The threshold strength may be configured to a threshold thatindicates that the device is within a certain unobstructed distance fromthe playback device (e.g., 5 meters). Such a pre-determined thresholdstrength may be a pre-determined percentage of the known transmissionstrength.

In some cases, the device may receive respective radio transmissionsfrom two or more playback devices. In such a circumstance, the devicemay be within a given proximity to two or more zones. Alternatively, thetwo or more devices may belong to the same zone. In some cases, thedevice may determine which playback device is closer to the device, andthen consider itself to be within proximity to the closer playbackdevice. For instance, each received radio transmission may have arespective signal strength. The device may then determine which signalstrength is the strongest among the signal strengths of the receivedradio transmissions (e.g., that the received radio transmission from theparticular playback device has the strongest signal strength). Based onsuch a determination, the device may then determine that the particularplayback device is nearest to the device.

Determining that the device is within a given proximity to a zone of themedia playback system may involve determining that the particularplayback device belongs to a particular zone. As noted above, thereceived radio transmission may indicate the particular playback device(e.g., by way of an identifier assigned to the particular playbackdevice). The device may look up the zone in which the particularplayback device is assigned by reference to the indication.

For example, the received radio transmission may indicate the MACaddress of the playback device. The device may maintain or have accessto a state table or other data structure that correlates MAC addressesto playback zones. The device may then look-up the zone of the playbackdevice by reference to the MAC address. In some cases, the state tablemay be maintained by the device itself, perhaps in a memory such asmemory 304 of control device 300 in FIG. 3. In other cases, the statetable may be maintained by a computing system that is communicativelycoupled to the device (e.g., a computing system is networked to thedevice by way of a local-area or wide-area network, such as theInternet).

Alternatively, the state table may be maintained by one or more of theplayback devices of the zone. In some examples, the playback devices maysend the state table to one another, such that multiple playback deviceshave copies of the state table. For instance, a first playback devicemay update a state table to indicate that a particular device is withina given proximity to the first playback device. The first playbackdevice may send the updated state table to a second playback device,which may notify the second playback device that the particular deviceis in proximity to the first playback device.

At block 506, the method may involve causing the graphical interface todisplay an indication of (i) an identifier of the zone and (ii) acharacteristic of the zone. Such information may convey the status orcontext of the zone. For instance, control device 126 of FIG. 6 maycause a graphical display to display an identifier of the “MasterBedroom” zone. The identifier of the zone may be a name thatdistinguishes the zone from other zones (e.g., “Living Room” zone). Thecharacteristic of the zone may be an indication of a given media itemthat is being played back by the particular playback device (and perhapsalso by one or more other playback devices of the zone in synchrony withthe particular playback device). Alternatively, the characteristic ofthe zone may be an indication of at least one media item queued forplayback by the zone (e.g., a song title, an album, an artist, and thelike).

FIG. 7A shows an example graphical interface 700A that includes aplayback zone region 702A, a playback status region 704A, and a playbackcontrol region 706A. Graphical interface 700A may represent an instanceof a graphical interface of control device 126 in the configuration ofmedia playback system 100 shown in FIG. 1 in which control device 126 isin the Living Room. The playback zone region 702A includes an indicationof the “Living Room” zone, as shown, as well as an indication of themanufacturer of the media playback system (“SONOS®”). The playbackstatus region 704A includes multiple characteristics of the “LivingRoom” zone, including characteristics of media currently playing orqueued in the zone. The characteristics include Album Art A, Song NameA, Artist Name A, and Media Source A, which may represent a firstinstance of the example audio content noted above. The playback controlregion 706A includes transport controls for the “Living Room” zone. Suchcontrols may initiate, stop, or modify media playback by playbackdevices 106, 108, and 108 (i.e., the playback devices in the “LivingRoom” zone).

In some cases, some operations related to control of the media playbacksystem may be performed by a controller application that is executing ona device. Such operations may include display of a graphical interfacehaving controls (e.g., example graphical interface 700A), detection ofinput (e.g., detection of input in playback control region 706A), andtranslation of the detected input into commands to the media playbacksystem. Based on launch (i.e., execution) of such an application, thedevice may determine whether it is near a playback device. For instance,the device may detect and receive a radio transmission from a playbackdevice (e.g., playback device 106 of FIG. 1), determine that it iswithin a given proximity to the zone of the playback device (i.e., the“Living Room” zone), and then, based on the determination, cause agraphical interface to display an indication of (i) an identifier of thezone and (ii) a characteristic of the zone, as illustrated by graphicalinterface 700A of FIG. 7A. Alternatively, a playback device may detectand receive a radio transmission from a control device, determine thatthe control device is within a given proximity to the zone of theplayback device, and then, based on the determination, cause a graphicalinterface to display an indications. Further, as noted above, in someimplementations, another device, such as a wearable device, may be anintermediary between the device executing the controller application andthe playback device.

In some cases, the device may cause the graphical interface to displayan indication of (i) an identifier of the zone group, and (ii) acharacteristic of the zone group in response to a condition or state ofthe controller application. For instance, the device may detect input toa user interface that causes the graphical interface to update orrefresh, and based on such detect input, cause the graphical interfaceto display the indications. Alternatively, the device may detect launch(i.e., execution) of such an application, based on that operation(s),cause the graphical interface to display the indications.

FIG. 7B shows an example graphical interface 700B that includes aplayback zone region 702B, a playback status region 704B, and a playbackcontrol region 706B. Graphical interface 700B may represent an instanceof a graphical interface of control device 126 in the configuration ofmedia playback system 100 shown in FIG. 6 in which control device 126 isin the Master Bedroom. The device may cause display of such an interfacebased on determining that the device is in a given proximity to the“Master Bedroom” zone. In some cases, the device may update graphicalinterface 700A to graphical interface 700B. The playback zone region702B includes an indication of the “Master Bedroom” zone, as shown. Theplayback status region 704B includes multiple characteristics of the“Master Bedroom” zone, including characteristics of media currentlyplaying or queued in the zone. The characteristics include Album Art B,Song Name B, Artist Name B, and Media Source B, which may represent asecond instance of the example audio content noted above. The playbackcontrol region 706B includes transport controls for the “Living Room”zone. Such controls may initiate, stop, or modify media playback byplayback devices 122 and 124 (i.e., the playback devices in the “MasterBedroom” zone).

In some cases, the particular playback device may belong to a zone thatis a member of a zone group. Zone groups may include two or more zonesthat are configured to play media in synchrony. FIG. 8 shows the examplemedia playback system 100 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 6 in aconfiguration in which the “Living Room” and “Kitchen” zones are joinedinto a zone group. Further, control device 126 is now located near theLiving Room and Kitchen, as shown. Control device 126 may determine thatit is within a given proximity to the Living Room zone (i.e., that it iswithin the Living Room zone). Control device 126 (or perhaps anotherdevice of the media playback system 100) may determine that the “LivingRoom” zone is in a zone group that includes at least the “Living Room”zone and the “Kitchen” zone.

Based on that determination, the device may cause the graphicalinterface to display an indication of (i) an identifier of the zonegroup, and (ii) a characteristic of the zone group. FIG. 7C shows anexample graphical interface 700C that includes a playback zone region702C, a playback status region 704C, and a playback control region 706C.Graphical interface 700C may represent an instance of a graphicalinterface of control device 126 in the configuration of media playbacksystem 100 shown in FIG. 8 in which control device 126 is in the MasterBedroom. The device may cause display of such an interface based ondetermining that the device is in a given proximity to the “Living Room”zone or “Kitchen” zone and further that the “Living Room” and “Kitchen”zones are grouped into a zone group. The playback zone region 702Cincludes an indication of the “Living Room+Kitchen” zone group, asshown. The playback status region 704C includes multiple characteristicsof the “Living Room+Kitchen” zone group, including characteristics ofmedia currently playing by the zone group or queued for playback by thezone group. The characteristics include Album Art C, Song Name C, ArtistName C, and Media Source C, which may represent a third instance of theexample audio content noted above. The playback control region 706Cincludes transport controls for the “Living Room+Kitchen” zone group.Such controls may initiate, stop, or modify media playback by playbackdevices 106, 108, 110 and 114 (i.e., the playback devices in the “LivingRoom+Kitchen” zone group).

In some cases, before configuring the media playback system based onproximity of a device to a zone of the media playback system, the mediaplayback system may determine that the device is currently in motion (orhas been recently moved). Such a determination may be based on therespective signal strengths of received radio transmissions, as changingsignal strengths may indicate that a device is moving through anenvironment. Alternatively, the determination may be based on data froma sensor of the device, such as an accelerometer, which indicates thatthe device is moving through an environment.

b. Example Method to Modify Media Playback in a Zone in Proximity to aDevice.

At block 902, the method may involve receiving a radio transmissionindicating a particular playback device of a media playback system. Forinstance, a device, such as an instance of control device 300 of FIG. 3,may receive a radio transmission via a radio interface, such as radiointerface 306. This operation may include aspects of block 502, asdiscussed above.

At block 904, the method may involve determining that the device iswithin a given proximity to a zone of the media playback system (thatincludes the particular playback device). For instance, referring backto FIG. 6, control device 126 may determine that control device 126 iswithin a given proximity to the “Master Bedroom” zone of media playbacksystem 100 based on a received radio transmission from playback device122 or playback device 124. This operation may include aspects of block504, as discussed above.

At block 906, the method may involve causing the particular playbackdevice to modify media playback. For instance, control device 126 mayinitiate playback of a media item on playback devices 122 or 124, whichare in the “Master Bedroom” zone. This operation may be based on thedetermination that the device is within the zone of the media playbacksystem (e.g., that control device 126 is within the “Living Room” zone).

In some cases, control device 126 may initiate playback of a playbackqueue that includes one or more media items. The “Living Room” zone maythen play back the one or more media items in the playback queue,perhaps in round-robin or random order, among other examples. Such aplayback queue may be maintained by the media playback system, such ason a playback device. Alternatively, the playback queue may bemaintained on a device that is connected via a network to the mediaplayback system (e.g., a “cloud” computing system).

In some examples, the device may modify media playback according to atleast one preference associated with the device. In such animplementation, media playback in a zone may be modified according tothe at least one preference based on determining that the device iswithin a given proximity to the zone. The at least one preference mayinclude, for example, media type, volume, or equalization. For instance,the device may be configured to adjust the volume of media playback bythe zone to a particular level.

As another example, the device may be configured to adjust the mediaplayback to a particular type of media, such as a particular genre, aparticular playlist or set of playlists, or a particular audio contentsource. Further, the device may be configured to a particularequalization setting, such as a “rock”, “pop”, or “classical”equalization setting, or perhaps a custom equalization setting. Thedevice may receive such preferences from a memory of the device, or froma computing system that is communicatively coupled to the device (e.g.,a “cloud” computing system).

In some examples, the device may be registered to a given user profile,which may also be referred to as a user account. A user profile mayinclude data related to a particular user, which the user has opted toprovide for the user profile. Such information may include an identifierof a user (e.g., the user's name or email address) and perhaps alsocertain preferences or settings. As such, a particular user's profilemay be a data-based representation of that particular user. Userprofiles may be used for various applications, web sites, and/or onlineservices, for instance. Examples of user profiles include e-mailaccounts, social network accounts, and accounts with service providers(e.g., SPOTIFY® or PANDORA®, among other examples. In someimplementations, one or more user profiles may be associated with amedia playback system, such that preferences (i.e., data) of the userprofile may be used to configure the media playback system. Further, auser profile may be registered with a device itself. In such aconfiguration, based on determining that a device is within a givenproximity to a zone, the device may determine that the device isregistered to a given user profile, and then modify media playback inthe zone according to one or more preferences associated with the givenuser profile.

As noted above, in some cases, a device may move from a first zone to asecond zone. For instance, control device 126 may initiate mediaplayback in the “Living Room” and subsequently move from the “LivingRoom” zone (as shown in FIG. 1) to the “Master Bedroom” zone (as shownin FIG. 6). Then, based on determining that control device 126 is in the“Master Bedroom” zone (e.g., that control device 126 is within a givenproximity to playback device 122 and/or 124), the device may modifyplayback in the “Master Bedroom” zone. For example, the device mayinitiate media playback in the “Master Bedroom” zone. Alternatively, thedevice may increase the volume of playback devices 122 and 124 in the“Master Bedroom” zone.

Further, based on determining that control device 126 is in the “LivingRoom” zone (e.g., that control device 126 is within a given proximity toplayback device 122 and/or 124), the device may modify playback in the“Living Room” zone (i.e., the zone that control device 126 left). Forexample, the device may cease media playback in the “Living Room” zone.Alternatively, the device may decrease the volume of playback devices122 and 124 in the “Living Room” zone.

In other cases, movement of a device from a first zone to a second zonemay cause the first zone and the second zone to group into a zone group.For instance, control device 126 may initiate media playback in the“Living Room” and subsequently move from the “Living Room” zone (asshown in FIG. 1) to the “Kitchen” zone (as shown in FIG. 8). The mediaplayback system 100 may cause the “Living Room” zone and the “Kitchen”zone to form a zone group. After grouping, the “Living Room” zone andthe “Kitchen” zone may play back a media item in synchrony. In somecases, the media item may be media that was playing in the “Living Room”zone or “Kitchen” zone before grouping into the zone group (e.g., aplayback queue of either zone). In some cases, the zones may un-groupbased on the device leaving one or more of the zones.

In some implementations, causing the first zone and the second zone togroup into a zone group may be based on determining that one or moreconditions are met. For example, the device may determine that the firstzone and the second zone are playing the same media item, or perhaps thesame playlist, and based on such a determination, cause the first zoneand the second zone to group. Alternatively, the device may determinethat the device is within a given proximity to both the first zone andthe second zone (e.g., that control device 126 is within a givenproximity to the “Living Room” zone and the “Kitchen” zone, as shown inFIG. 8). Based on that determination, the control device 126 mayinitiate synchronous playback by the “Living Room” zone and the“Kitchen” zone, perhaps after grouping the zones.

As discussed above, in some cases a device may move from a first zone toa second zone. After moving to the second zone, the device may receive aradio transmission from a playback device of the second zone, and basedon that received radio transmission, determine that the device is withinthe second zone. In some implementations, the device may furtherdetermine that the device is outside of a given proximity to the firstzone. For instance, the device may attempt to detect a radiotransmission from a playback device of the first zone, and based onfailing to detect a radio transmission within a pre-determined period oftime, determine that the device is outside of a given proximity to thefirst zone.

In some cases, moving the device from the first zone to a second zonemay cause a playback queue of the second zone to be updated based on thefirst zone. For instance, the media playback system may replace theplayback queue of the second zone with the playback queue of the firstzone. Alternatively, the media playback system may queue media itemsfrom playback queue of the first zone into the playback queue of thesecond zone.

In some cases, two or more devices may be within a given proximity to aplayback device of a zone. FIG. 10 shows the example media playbacksystem 100 of FIGS. 1, 6, and 8 in an alternate configuration in whichcontrol devices 126 and 128 are both in the “Living Room” zone. In sucha configuration, media playback system 100 may determine that bothcontrol devices 126 and 128 are within a given proximity to the zone (orperhaps the playback devices of the zone). For instance, control device126 may determine that it is within a given proximity to playback device106, 108, and/or 110. Control device 128 may similarly determine that itis within a given proximity to playback device 106, 108, and/or 110.Based on that determination, control device 128 may send an indicationthat control device 128 is within the given proximity to the “LivingRoom” zone. Control device 126 may receive such an indication, anddetect that control devices 126 and 128 are respectively within the“Living Room” zone.

The presence of two or more devices within a given proximity to aplayback device of a zone may affect (or perhaps not affect) mediaplayback in the zone. For instance, media playback in the zone may bemodified based on at least one respective preference associated witheach device. For instance, control device 126 may be associated with apreference for jazz or classical music, while control device 128 may beassociated with a preference for classical or pop music. In such acircumstance, the media playback system 100 may determine that thedevices have a preferred genre in common (i.e., classical music) andresponsively play back classical music in the “Living Room” zone.

As another example, control device 128 may enter proximity of the“Living Room” zone, but, based on a pre-existing proximity of controldevice 126 to the “Living Room” zone, media playback in the “LivingRoom” zone may be unaffected by control device 128. For instance, mediaplayback system 100 may receive a request from control device 128 tomodify the media playback in the “Living Room” zone. Based on thereceived request modify the media playback, media playback system 100detect that control device 126 within the given proximity to the zone ofthe media playback system, and deny the request.

Such operations as noted above may facilitate a joint listeningexperience. For example, control devices 128 and 128 may be registeredto a first user profile and a second user profile, respectively (perhapsrepresenting a first user and a second user). The second user (having onor near his person control device 128) may join the first user (havingon or near his person control device 128) in a zone (e.g., the “LivingRoom” zone). The media playback system 100 may determine that controldevices 128 and 128 (which are determined to be within the “Living Room”zone) are registered to the first user profile and a second userprofile, respectively. The media playback system may then requestrespective preferences of each user profile. After receiving therespective preferences, the media playback system 100 may initiate ormodify media playback in the “Living Room” zone based on thepreferences.

In some cases, the respective preferences may be maintained on one ormore “cloud” computing systems, which may facilitate joint listeningexperiences between users using respective media playback systems anddevices. For instance, the first user may create a user profileregistered to a first instance of media playback system 100. As notedabove, the user profile may indicate various preferences. Suchpreferences may include a listening history of the first user on thefirst instance of media playback system 100. The listening history mayindicate one or more media items that the first instance of mediaplayback system 100 played back while the first user profile was“logged-in” or “active” and perhaps a number of instances on which theeach media item was played. The second user may create a similar userprofile registered to a second instance of media playback system 100.These user profiles may be maintained on one or more “cloud” computingsystems.

The first user may then visit the second user, perhaps bringing thefirst device with him (which is registered with the first user profile).The second instance of media playback system 100 may detect that boththe first device (registered to the first user) and the second device(registered to the first user) are within a given proximity to a zone ofthe media playback system. The second instance may also determine thatthe first device and the second device are registered to respective useraccounts. Then, based on determining that the first device and thesecond device are registered to respective user accounts, request, overa network interface, respective preferences associated with the firstuser profile and the second user profile. As the user accounts aremaintained on one or more “cloud” computing systems, both user profilesand the associated preferences may be accessible to the media playbacksystem. After requesting the respective preferences, the media playbacksystem may receive, over the network interface, the requested respectivepreferences and modify media playback based on the received preferences.

IV. Conclusion

The description above discloses, among other things, various examplesystems, methods, apparatus, and articles of manufacture including,among other components, firmware and/or software executed on hardware.It is understood that such examples are merely illustrative and shouldnot be considered as limiting. For example, it is contemplated that anyor all of the firmware, hardware, and/or software aspects or componentscan be embodied exclusively in hardware, exclusively in software,exclusively in firmware, or in any combination of hardware, software,and/or firmware. Accordingly, the examples provided are not the onlyway(s) to implement such systems, methods, apparatus, and/or articles ofmanufacture.

As indicated above, the present application may involve determining thata device of a media playback system is within a particular zone of themedia playback system and responsively configuring the media playbacksystem based on the particular zone that the device is within. In oneaspect, a method is provided. The method may involve receiving, via theradio interface, a radio transmission indicating a particular playbackdevice of a media playback system. Based on the received radiotransmission, the method may also involve determining that the device iswithin a given proximity to a zone of the media playback system. Basedon determining that the device is within the given proximity to the zoneof the media playback system, the method may further involve causing thegraphical interface to display an indication of (i) an identifier of thezone and (ii) a characteristic of the zone.

In another aspect, a device is provided. The device may include agraphical interface, a radio interface, at least one processor; a datastorage; and a program logic stored in the data storage and executableby the at least one processor to perform operations. The operations mayinclude receiving, via the radio interface, a radio transmissionindicating a particular playback device of a media playback system.Based on the received radio transmission, the operations may alsoinclude determining that the device is within a given proximity to azone of the media playback system. Based on determining that the deviceis within the given proximity to the zone of the media playback system,the operations may further include causing the graphical interface todisplay an indication of (i) an identifier of the zone and (ii) acharacteristic of the zone.

In yet another aspect, a non-transitory computer readable memory isprovided. The non-transitory computer readable memory has stored thereoninstructions executable by a device to cause the device to performfunctions. The function may include receiving, via the radio interface,a radio transmission indicating a particular playback device of a mediaplayback system. Based on the received radio transmission, the functionsmay also include determining that the device is within a given proximityto a zone of the media playback system. Based on determining that thedevice is within the given proximity to the zone of the media playbacksystem, the functions may further include causing the graphicalinterface to display an indication of (i) an identifier of the zone and(ii) a characteristic of the zone.

In another aspect, another method is provided. The method may involvereceiving, via the radio interface, a radio transmission indicating aparticular playback device of a media playback system. Based on thereceived radio transmission, the method may also involve determiningthat the device is within a given proximity to a zone of the mediaplayback system. Based on determining that the device is within thegiven proximity to the zone of the media playback system, the method mayfurther involve causing the particular playback device to modify mediaplayback.

In a further aspect, another device is provided. The device may includea graphical interface, a radio interface, at least one processor; a datastorage; and a program logic stored in the data storage and executableby the at least one processor to perform operations. The operations mayinclude receiving, via the radio interface, a radio transmissionindicating a particular playback device of a media playback system.Based on the received radio transmission, the operations may alsoinclude determining that the device is within a given proximity to azone of the media playback system. Based on determining that the deviceis within the given proximity to the zone of the media playback system,the operations may further include causing the particular playbackdevice to modify media playback.

In yet another aspect, another non-transitory computer readable memoryis provided. The non-transitory computer readable memory has storedthereon instructions executable by a device to cause the device toperform functions. The function may include receiving, via the radiointerface, a radio transmission indicating a particular playback deviceof a media playback system. Based on the received radio transmission,the functions may also include determining that the device is within agiven proximity to a zone of the media playback system. Based ondetermining that the device is within the given proximity to the zone ofthe media playback system, the functions may further include causingparticular playback device to modify media playback.

Additionally, references herein to “embodiment” means that a particularfeature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with theembodiment can be included in at least one example embodiment of aninvention. The appearances of this phrase in various places in thespecification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment,nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of otherembodiments. As such, the embodiments described herein, explicitly andimplicitly understood by one skilled in the art, can be combined withother embodiments.

The specification is presented largely in terms of illustrativeenvironments, systems, procedures, steps, logic blocks, processing, andother symbolic representations that directly or indirectly resemble theoperations of data processing devices coupled to networks. These processdescriptions and representations are typically used by those skilled inthe art to most effectively convey the substance of their work to othersskilled in the art. Numerous specific details are set forth to provide athorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, it isunderstood to those skilled in the art that certain embodiments of thepresent disclosure can be practiced without certain, specific details.In other instances, well known methods, procedures, components, andcircuitry have not been described in detail to avoid unnecessarilyobscuring aspects of the embodiments. Accordingly, the scope of thepresent disclosure is defined by the appended claims rather than theforgoing description of embodiments.

When any of the appended claims are read to cover a purely softwareand/or firmware implementation, at least one of the elements in at leastone example is hereby expressly defined to include a tangible,non-transitory medium such as a memory, DVD, CD, Blu-ray, and so on,storing the software and/or firmware.

We claim:
 1. A media playback system comprising a controller comprisinga processor and a memory including instructions that, when executed bythe processor, cause the controller to control an operation of at leastone playback device; a first playback device; and a second playbackdevice; wherein the media playback system is configured to performfunctions comprising: the first playback device playing back a firstmedia; the controller receiving, from the first playback device, anidentifier of the first playback device and a characteristic of thefirst playback device, wherein the characteristic of the first playbackdevice indicates at least one media item of the first media queued forplay back by the first playback device; the controller displaying, via agraphical user interface, a first control interface, wherein the firstcontrol interface comprises an indication of the identifier of the firstplayback device and the characteristic of the first playback devicecurrently playing back the at least one media item of the first media;the second playback device sending, to the controller, an identifier ofthe second playback device and a characteristic of the second playbackdevice, wherein the characteristic of the second playback deviceindicates at least one media item of a second media queued for play backby the second playback device; the second playback device receiving,from the controller, an indication of proximity to the controller,wherein the indication of proximity is based, at least in part, on thecontroller receiving the identifier of the second playback device; andin response to the received indication of proximity, the second playbackdevice: (a) beginning play back of the second media; and (b)transmitting instructions that cause the first playback device to modifyplay back of the first media and transitioning the graphical userinterface on the controller from displaying the first control interfaceto displaying a second control interface comprising an indication of theidentifier of the second playback device and the characteristic of thesecond playback device currently playing back the at least one mediaitem of the second media, such that the graphical user interface ceasesto display the first control interface to replace with the secondcontrol interface.
 2. The media playback system of claim 1, wherein theidentifier of the second playback device comprises informationindicating that the second playback device is within a particular zoneof the media playback system.
 3. The media playback system of claim 1,wherein the identifier of the second playback device comprises a mediaaccess control address assigned to a network interface of the secondplayback device.
 4. The media playback system of claim 1, wherein theidentifier of the second playback device comprises informationindicating an assigned name of the second playback device.
 5. The mediaplayback system of claim 1, wherein the second playback device sending,to the controller, an identifier of the second playback device comprisesthe second playback device periodically sending, to the controller, anidentifier of the second playback device.
 6. The media playback systemof claim 1, wherein the second playback device sending, to thecontroller, an identifier of the second playback device comprisesbroadcasting, by the second playback device, the identifier of thesecond playback device.
 7. The media playback system of claim 1, whereinthe second playback device sending, to the controller, an identifier ofthe second playback device is based on the second playback devicereceiving a transmission from the controller.
 8. The media playbacksystem of claim 1, wherein the media playback system is furtherconfigured to perform functions comprising the first playback devicereceiving, from the controller, an indication of non-proximity, whereinthe indication of non-proximity is based, at least in part, on thecontroller receiving the identifier of the first playback device and theidentifier of the second playback device.
 9. The media playback systemof claim 1, wherein the second playback device transmitting instructionsthat cause the first playback device to modify play back of the firstmedia comprises transmitting instructions that cause the first playbackdevice to stop play back of the first media.
 10. The media playbacksystem of claim 1, wherein the second playback device transmittinginstructions that cause the first playback device to modify play back ofthe first media comprises transmitting instructions that cause the firstplayback device to reduce a volume of play back of the first media. 11.The media playback system of claim 1, wherein the first media and thesecond media are the same media.
 12. The media playback system of claim1, wherein the first media and the second media are different media. 13.A method comprising playing back, by a first playback device, a firstmedia; receiving, by a controller, from the first playback device, anidentifier of the first playback device and a characteristic of thefirst playback device, wherein the characteristic of the first playbackdevice indicates at least one media item of the first media queued forplay back by the first playback device; displaying, via a graphical userinterface of the controller, a first control interface, wherein thefirst control interface comprises an indication of the identifier of thefirst playback device and the characteristic of the first playbackdevice currently playing back the at least one media item of the firstmedia; sending, by a second playback device, to the controller, anidentifier of the second playback device and a characteristic of thesecond playback device, wherein the characteristic of the secondplayback device indicates at least one media item of a second mediaqueued for play back by the second playback device; receiving, by thesecond playback device, from the controller, an indication of proximityto the controller, wherein the indication of proximity is based, atleast in part, on the controller receiving the identifier of the secondplayback device; and in response to the received indication ofproximity, beginning, by the second playback device, play back of thesecond media and transmitting, by the second playback device,instructions that cause the first playback device to modify play back ofthe first media and transitioning the graphical user interface on thecontroller from displaying the first control interface to displaying asecond control interface comprising an indication of the identifier ofthe second playback device and the characteristic of the second playbackdevice currently playing back the at least one media item of the secondmedia, such that the graphical user interface ceases to display thefirst control interface to replace with the second control interface.14. The method of claim 13, wherein the identifier of the secondplayback device comprises information indicating that the secondplayback device is within a particular zone of a media playback system.15. The method of claim 13, wherein the identifier of the secondplayback device comprises a media access control address assigned to anetwork interface of the second playback device.
 16. The method of claim13, wherein the identifier of the second playback device comprisesinformation indicating an assigned name of the second playback device.17. The method of claim 13, wherein sending, by a second playbackdevice, to the controller, an identifier of the second playback devicecomprises periodically sending, by the second playback device, to thecontroller, an identifier of the second playback device.
 18. The methodof claim 13, wherein sending, by a second playback device, to thecontroller, an identifier of the second playback device comprisesbroadcasting, by the second playback device, an identifier of the secondplayback device.
 19. The method of claim 13, wherein sending, by asecond playback device, to the controller, an identifier of the secondplayback device is based on the second playback device receiving atransmission from the controller.
 20. Tangible, non-transitorycomputer-readable media having stored therein instructions executable byone or more processors, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause amedia playback system to perform functions comprising: playing back, bya first playback device, a first audio content; receiving, by acontroller, from the first playback device, an identifier of the firstplayback device and a characteristic of the first playback device,wherein the characteristic of the first playback device indicates atleast one audio content item of the first audio content queued for playback by the first playback device; displaying, via a graphical userinterface of the controller, a first control interface, wherein thefirst control interface comprises an indication of the identifier of thefirst playback device and the characteristic of the first playbackdevice currently playing back the at least one audio content item of thefirst audio content; sending, by a second playback device, to thecontroller, an identifier of the second playback device and acharacteristic of the second playback device, wherein the characteristicof the second playback device indicates at least one audio content itemof a second audio content queued for play back by the second playbackdevice; receiving, by the second playback device, from the controller,an indication of proximity to the controller, wherein the indication ofproximity is based, at least in part, on the controller receiving theidentifier of the second playback device; and in response to thereceived indication of proximity, beginning, by the second playbackdevice, play back of the second audio content and transmitting, by thesecond playback device, instructions that cause the first playbackdevice to modify play back of the first audio content and transitioningthe graphical user interface on the controller from displaying the firstcontrol interface to displaying a second control interface comprising anindication of the identifier of the second playback device and thecharacteristic of the second playback device currently playing back theat least one audio content item of the second audio content, such thatthe graphical user interface ceases to display the first controlinterface to replace with the second control interface.